Bar for reinforced concrete construction.



H. G, MEADOWS. I BAR r013. mzmroacnn comcnn'rs cons'rnucnon. APPLICATIONFILED 1330.19, 1910.

l lQ7,4=34 Patented Aug. 18, 1914.

' I ammo z Hamid Gjklzdows wi/wwaea v I I v W Y [is arm,

"UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HAROLD G- MEADOWS, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO JOSEPH G. DUDLEY,OF

a BUFFALO, NEW YORK,

BA R FOR REINFORCED. CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

To all whom may concern:

Be it known that I, HAROLD Gr. MEADOWS,

of-the city of Bu'fi'alo, in the county of Erie and State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in'Bars for-Reinforced Concrete Construction; and I do hereby declare the followingto be a full, clear, and exact description of the same,

reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming apart of thisspecification, and to the reference-numerals marked t-hereon.

M present invention relates to bars for rein orced concrete constructlonand has for its ob ect to' provide a construction which will make anideal bond with the concrete to resist stress. from any direction, andone which may be readily and chea ly manuas the manufacture of the baris concerned,-

itis'necessar -that the texture of the metal "sectional area should bereduced to a mini- ,factured by the use of rolls an which is ready foruse when it leaves the rolls. In providing a bar of this nature, it isnecessary to consider not only the surface of the bar itself, but alsothe surface of the concrete incontacttherewith and the action of theconcrete when being poured around the bar, It is well known thatconcrete will not flow into every little hole or pocket that may be madein the surface of the bar, but may be kept out by air and waterentrained in the concreteand also it'will be noted that v concreteitself is not perfectly fluid. Therefore, in order toobtain areliablebond be tween'the metal and'the concrete, it is necessary to have thespaces betweenthe ribs on' ,the surface of the bar of substantial size,to have the ribs that outline the spaces of substantial, dimension, andto have the surface of the concrete that is in contact with the barbroken'in no way other than is absolutely necessary to make the bond. Sofar forming the bar should be'as nearly as possible homogeneousthroughout, and to obtain this condition, sudden changes in cross mum,for, if in rolling the bar, the work required to form the IlbS, orprojections, as

the case maybe, changes suddenly as the bar passes through the rolls,owing to Specification of Letters Patent.

' I Application filed December 19, 1910. Serial No. 598,091.

Patented Aug. 18, 1914.

vided with too great a number of ribs and intervening ockets, therebybreaking up the concrete sur acein contact with the bar unduly, andeither utilizing too large per cent. of the metal in forming the ribs,or having the ribs too-small and too delicate for practical manufactureand use. This form of construction also calls for rolls whose surfacesare cut up to such an extent that they are not only expensive tomake butalso very short lived, thereby entailing an excessive initial expenseand decreased output due to frequent changes. It is also desirable thatthe arrangement of the ribs or projecting portions of the bar besymmetrical with reference to the longitudinal axis, and so arranged asto resist a pull or twist from'any direction equally on opposite sidesthereof,

WVith these objects in view, I have produced the bar shown in-theaccompanying drawings, which is characterized by having V-shaped ribswith substantial dimensions formed on two adjacent surfaces of the bar,the apexes of the V s being arranged at the apexes of the adjacent Vshaped ribs thus formed extending alternately in opposite directions,longitudinally of the bar. I prefer that the V shaped ribs on the otherpair ranged with reference to. each other, and also diametricallyopposite the first ones mentioned, as will be hereinafter more fullydescribed.

In the drawings :Fi 'ure 1 is a perspective view of a steel mem er forconcrete bar constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is aView looking down upon the two adjacent faces made by the, same roll.Fig. 3 is a side elevation. Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view on the lineH of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a developed view showing the ribs and the mannerin which they cooperate with the concrete in contact therewith and 100Similar reference numerals in the several 105 figures indicate similarparts. 4

I prefer to employ my invention in connection with bars which arerectangularvin cross section and theseare formed as usual by rolls, thepasses of which are rectangular 1 0 meeting point of the twosurfaces'and the r of adjacent faces of the bar he similarly aras uponeach of its faces, 1, 2, 3 and 4, a I plurality of ribs 0: and bextendingabove the surface of the bar and at an angle to itslongitudinal axis, the adjacent ribs on each slain faceextendingdiagonally in opposite irections, so that the spaces between are ofsubstantial area. The two adjacent surfaces 1 and '2', are preferablyformed by the same roll, (as shown in Fig. 2), and the ribs .a

. on these faces meet at the edge, angle or cornerof the bar. EachsucceedingV shaped v rib. thus formed extends in theo posite directionfrom the preceding one. he ribs I) on the opposite slde of the bar,which are formed by the other one. of the air of rolls, are preferablyarranged directl opposite the ribs on the surfaces 1 and 2, and the endsof the'ribs b on the adjacent surfaces 3 and 4, preferably meet the endsof those on the surfaces 1 and 2, so that at each corner or angle thereare presented oppositely disposed V shaped ribs, making the bars as awhole symmetrical, and the spaces between the ribs and with which theconcrete is in contact, substantially the shape shown in Fig. 5. From anexamination of this figure it will be noted that the concrete is inconthe bars, and arranged as shown, also in-.

sures the production of efficient angular ribs, etc., even if the rollsor bars should creep in rolling or the metal should flow unevehly in oron opposite rolls, the construction produced under thesecircumstancesbeing substantially like that shown in the developed viewFig. 6. In this instance, the arrangement of the ribs is such as toprevent the relative movement of the bar and concrete through forcesexerted in any direction while the areas of concrete in contact with thesurface of the bar are large, and this though produced by the improperaction of the rolls accentuates the fact that not only is the intendedconstruction of the bar as a whole illustrated in the other figures ofthe drawing, advantageous, but that the features of construction aresuch that good re-' sults are obtained *even when the manufactureisdefective for reasons beyond the control of the operator. I v

The bar constructed as described possesses the following features ofimportance: It is symmetrical with reference to its longitudinal axisand thus produces an equal strain on both sides of the bar and theconcrete envelop. Its surface is formed of substantial diameters spaceda substantial distance apart and it will break up the concretesufliciently for the maintenance of a perfect bond between the concreteand bar. The ribs on the bar are so arranged that they will bemadegradually-and the metal dis tributed along some considerable proportionof the length of the bar, thereby minimizing the setting up of strainsin the metal, due to a sudden variation in the section of the bar andthis is contributed to by the fact that the sides of the ribs form anobtuse angle with the surface of the bar in order tov allow the metal toflow ,in 'the grooves that form the ribs and also that there are nopockets formed by the ribs that will catch the water and air entrainedin the concrete to the exclusion of the concrete itself and therefore amore firm joint will be provided .with the two materials. t

It will be noted that with the V-shaped ribs of substantial dimension,spaced and arranged as shown in the bar, theseribs form a'practicallycontinuous zigzag rib of uniform cross section around. the bar which isonly broken at the two opposite corners that correspond with the partingbetween the rolls by which the bar is formed, as shown particularly inFig.3. I I

The specific form of the cross section of the ribs, that is to say,whether round, angular or otherwise is not of great moment, but it isdesirable that the sides be inclined to the plane of the surface of thebar in order to facilitate the operation of rolling them. It is alsodesirable that a cross section of the bar, as a whole, be angular andpreferably rectangular in order to reduce as much as possible theliability of a relative twisting between the bar and the concrete, butthe advantageous results of my construction would be obtained in ameasure even if the bar were round or did not have the sharp corners,and in such a bar with rounded edges the two adjacent surfaces,

, corresponding to the surface indicated by 1 and 2 in the angular bar,will be those on opposite sides of lines drawn through the apexes of theV, or other shaped ribs.

It will be understood that the term V shaped, as applied to the ribs, isonly approximately descriptive and is not intended to limit theconstruction to one in which the ends of the ribs necessarily merge atan acuteangle, but merely to one in which the same results are obtainedin respect to the projections,

aromas wed 'n' uction, which resists the relatively tions of the barimmediately adjacent ta the line. extending longitudinally of the barand two series passingthrough tlieapexes of the VS; in other words,constituting the'part which, in the angular formation of the bar shown,is formed by one of the rolls. 7 I claim as my invention: Y

. 1.1Abar iforyreinforcedconcrete having I I of, substantially V-shapedribs substantially diametrically opposlte each other,.the apexes of thelongitudinally adja- "cent- Vs, projecting in opposite directions andthe ribs at said longitudinally of the bar considerap'exes being whollyseparated a able distance from each other;

2. A bar for reinforced concrete having I two series of similar V-shapedribs arranged substantially opposite" each other, the apexes of thelongitudinally adjacent Vs in. each series extending alternately inopposite directions longitudinally "of the bar and the ribs at saidapexes being wholly separated a v considerable distance from each other.

3. A bar forv reinforced concrete, angular in cross-sectionand havingtwo series of ribs on each face', occurr1ng alternately, those of voneser es being inclined 1n oppo- ..site direction to those of the otherseries, longitudinally in respect to the axis of the bar, thecorresponding ribsextending in opposite directions on adjacent. faces,meeting at the edges, angles or corners of the bar,

and bein' wholly separated at this point a considera v points of thenext adjacent pair of ribs.

4. A bar vfor reinforced concrete, having a plurality of ribs formingbands extending around it and] site directions relatively to thelongitudinal axis thereof, forming a series of V-shaped the apexes ofthe V s of adjacent bands extending longitudinally of the ing corner 7.A bar for reinforced concrete,

I adjacent faces, 1e distance from the meeting of a plurality ofstraight members that meet,

inclined alternately in oppo-.

bar and in opposite. directions and the ribs of each band being Whollyseparated a considerable distance from each other.

5. A. bar for reinforced concrete, having a plurality of ribs extendingaround it in the nature of zigzag bands, each band composed of a seriesof straight ribs meeting, and changing directions at the corner of thebar, saidba-nds being a considerable distance apart at their nearestpoints, and each having the apexes of the VS, formed at the corners ofthe bar by the meeting of the ribs, point in opposite direction,longitudinally of the bar, to that of the V at the correspondin the nextadjacent band.

1 .6. A bar for reinforced concrete angular in cross section having aseries of substantially V-shaped ribs between each pair of adjacentfaces thereof, the apex of each V projecting longitudinally of the barin an opposite direction to, and the ribs being wholly separated aconsiderable distance from, the apex of the next adjacent V on the samepair of faces.

angular in cross section, and having on each face a row of 'narrow ribsextending across the facein a plane inclined relative t'o'thelongitudinal axis of the bar,'the ribs in said row being divided intotwo series, those of one series being inclined in opposite directionsto, occurring alternately with, and being "separated a considerabledistance from those of the other series; all ribs being'so arranged thateach will extend at an angle to and its ends will approximate the endsof one of the other series on each of the next forming a series ofzig-zag bands around the bar, each band composed or nearly meet, andchange direction at each corner of the bar. r

'- copies of this patent may-be obtained for five cents each, byaddressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. 0."

